胡苏丹的清真寺

　　在苏丹首都喀土穆，清真寺随处可见，各具特色，每逢周五，不管富人穷人都要去清真寺做祷告。那尖塔形的高耸建筑是喀土穆的一大特色，让人明白无误地知道这是一个穆斯林的国度。漫步在人流拥挤的阿拉伯市场里，举目眺望那高耸入云的清真寺尖塔，顿时会切身感到喀土穆是一座典型阿拉伯风情的城市。喀土穆的清真寺一般不太大，但数量多，大大小小的清真寺遍布城中。星期五是苏丹传统的休息日和礼拜日，所有穆斯林男士都要到指定的清真寺去做周拜，也就是最正式的礼拜。听着清真寺里的朝拜声，一周又过去了。

　　与喀土穆隔河相望的恩图曼有著名的马赫迪陵墓。1885年苏丹民族英雄马赫迪病逝后，他的继承人哈里发·阿卜杜拉在喀土穆对岸兴建新城，即恩图曼。1885－1898年曾为马赫迪国都城，1898年毁于英国侵略战争，后重建。市内多清真寺、宗教学校和名胜古迹。城东有著名的马赫迪陵墓，为伊斯兰风格的淡黄色建筑，室内陈列有马赫迪的墓椁、画像以及他领导苏丹人民反殖民侵略斗争的实物、图片、资料等。市中心有著名的哈里发·阿卜杜拉清真寺及哈里发博物馆。博物馆原为阿卜杜拉故居，后来成为他指挥苏丹民族抵抗英军的司令部。

Mosques in Sudan
　　The majority of the Sudanese are Muslims; mosques were built throughout the country since the earlydays of Islam. Presently many of these mosques are found in Khartoum, some of them built for more thanhundreds of years. Religious men and different Sunni and Sufi sects built the mosques. And in addition totheir being places of worship, mosques play an important, social and educational role in the lives of theSudanese. Some of the big and well-known mosques are located in Khartoum and Omdurman, including ElImam Al Rahman Mosque, Omdurman- Wad Nubawui, El Imam El Mahdi, Omdurman- El Mulazmeen. Tombof the Mahdi was first built on the death of the Mahdi in 1885, when his body was entombed in a silverdomedmosque in Omdurman and destroyed in 1898. The Mahdi's son had the mosque and tomb rebuilt.Beit al-Khalifa is situated opposite the Mahdi's tomb. Once the home of the Mahdi's successor, the housewas built of mud and brick in 1887, and is now a museum. It contains relics from Mahdiyya battles againstBritish occupation.